Oedipus Rex as a tragic hero Essay Example For Students

Oedipus Rex as a sad legend Essay In the play Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, Oedipus is an exemplary awful legend. As indicated by Aristotles definition, Oedipus is an unfortunate legend since he is a lord whose life self-destructs when he discovers his biography. There are various qualities depicted by Aristotle that recognize a terrible legend. For instance, a terrible saint must reason his own destruction; his destiny isn't merited, and his discipline surpasses the wrongdoing; he likewise should be of honorable height and have enormity. Oedipus is enamored with his romanticized self, however neither the pretentious nor the burdensome Narcissus can truly adore himself (Miller 67). The entirety of the above attributes make Oedipus a disastrous legend as indicated by Aristotles thoughts regarding catastrophe, and a narcissist as per Alice Millers The Drama of the Gifted Child: The Search for the True Self. Utilizing Oedipus as a perfect model, Aristotle says that a terrible legend must be a significant or compelling man who makes a mistake in judgment, and who should then endure the results of his activities. Those activities are seen when Oedipus powers Teiresias to uncover his fate and his dads name. When Teiresias attempts to caution him by saying This day will give you guardians and obliterate you (Sophocles line 428), Oedipus despite everything couldn't care less and continues with his scrutinizing. The grievous saint must take in an exercise from his blunders in judgment and become a guide to the crowd of what happens when incredible men tumble from their grandiose social or political positions. As per Miller, an individual who is incredible, who is appreciated all over the place, and needs this deference to endure, has one of the extraordinary types of narcissism, which is pomposity. Pomposity can be seen when an individual appreciates himself, his characteristics, for example, excellence, intelligence, and abilities, and his prosperity and accomplishments significantly. In the event that one of these happens to come up short, at that point the fiasco of a serious misery is close (Miller 34). Those activities happen when the Herdsman discloses to Oedipus who his mom is, and Oedipus answers Oh, goodness, at that point everything has come out obvious. Light, I will not look on you Again. I have been conceived where I ought not be conceived, I have been hitched where I ought not wed, I have executed whom I ought not murder; presently everything is clear (Sophocles lines 1144). Oedipuss choice to seek after his scrutinizing isn't right; his self importance blinded him and, hence, his destiny isn't merited, yet it is a long ways outside his ability to control. A prediction is anticipated to Laius, the dad of Oedipus, that the fate of Oedipus is a horrendous one outside his ability to control. Be that as it may, when it is prophesized to Oedipus, he goes ahead from the city of his temporary parents so as to keep this horrendous destiny from happening. Oedipuss predetermination isn't merited in light of the fact that he is being rebuffed for his folks activities. His introduction to the world guardians look for the guidance of the Delphi Oracle, who suggests that they ought not have any youngsters. At the point when the kid is conceived, Laius is overwhelmed with dread when he recollects the prophet. Oedipus is surrendered by his introduction to the world guardians and is denied their affection, which is the thing that outcomes in what Miller calls Depression as Denial of the Self. Despondency results from a refusal of ones own enthusiastic responses, and we can't generally adore on the off chance that we deny our fact, reality with regards to our folks and guardians as, well as about ourselves (Miller 43). The introduction of Oedipus presets his predetermination to bring about catastrophe despite the fact that he is of respectable birth. In catastrophes, heroes are as a rule of the respectability to cause their tumbles to appear to be more prominent. Oedipus simply happens to be brought into the world a ruler, and he has spared a realm that is legitimately his from the Sphinx. .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 , .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .postImageUrl , .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 , .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:hover , .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:visited , .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:active { border:0!important; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:active , .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:hover { haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: re lative; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u6ba52ca31292 c49f28ea090de950cf60 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u6ba52ca31292c49f28ea090de950cf60:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: youngster self destruction Essay His predetermination is to be of honorable height from birth, which is denied to him by his folks, however given back by the Sphinx. His honorability bamboozled him just as his appearance, since it shows just his ideal, superb face and not his internal world, his torment, his history (Miller 66). At the point when he depends on his status, he is visually impaired, not genuinely, yet inwardly. He is visually impaired in his activities; thusly he doesn't see that the scrutinizing would bring him just hopelessness. Afterward, after his self-caused blinding, Oedipus considers his to be as bad behavior when he says What use are my eyes to me, who would See nothing lovely once more? (Sophocles line 1293) and that visual deficiency doesn't really need to be physical as we can se when he says, If I had sight, I know not with what eyes I would have looked (Sophocles line 1325). In the play Oedipus Rex, Sophocles depicts the principle character, Oedipus, as a well-intentioned individual who has terrible judgment and is fragile. Oedipus settles on a couple of lethal choices and is sentenced to significant enduring as a result of them. I concur with Aristotle that Oedipus disaster happens in view of his sad blemish. In the event that he hadnt been so critical or narcissistic, as Miller would portray a character like Oedipus, he could never have executed King Laius and called Teiresias a liar. At the outset, Teiresias is basically attempting to slide him gradually into reality; however Oedipus is too glad to even consider seeing any facts, and he will not accept that he could have been answerable for such a horrendous wrongdoing. He learns an exercise about existence and how there is something else entirely to it than only one people fate.Category: Book Reports

Broken Families Essay

Presentation Family is the essential unit of society. This is the most significant part of a nation. †The family is one of nature’s masterpieces.† (Santayana) 2012. Administration might be compelling if the residents are appropriately situated with great qualities and temperances, which is usually instructed by the family. †Marriage is the consent to let a family happen.† (Wylie) 2012.A home is the place a family lives. It might be exchanged to the word ‘house’ however a house is all the more properly alluding to the material structure, though ‘home’ alludes to the immaterial things that predicament together the relatives. It is the unfathomable love and care that keeps together the mother, father and their posterity, or the family. A home where great qualities and temperances are regularly educated by the family. Beside giving a domain helpful for physical development and wellbeing, the family should likewise make a climate that would impact the intellectual and mental development of its part. In the event that the necessities of the individual relatives are met, different individuals can connect with others in the family, the network, and society overall. Be that as it may, regardless of how cheerful a family in the provisions of their relationship, there are still hardships and false impressions that will go along the way. It is simply part of any relationship at any rate. Be that as it may, the miserable part is the point at which one of the relatives surrendered and the others must choose the option to acknowledge and give up. In this way, the family begins to be broken, shifts from various reasons why it must be that way. In any case, generally, misconception begins from straightforward residential squabble that becomes impudently harming theâ long-fashioned connection between the relatives. At the point when a couple split up, the youngsters are significantly influenced scarring them truly, genuinely and socially. The most widely recognized question between a spouse and a wife is the money related issue. This is established when the dad, which ought to be the supplier for the family, can’t give enough cash for the food of the entire family. A bad habit that can't be surrendered might be related with this. Single child rearing or broken family is a significant social issue that can effectsly affect a child’s scholastic execution. Youngsters who are brought up in a solitary family home are in danger of not arriving at their maximum capacity. Broken homes are experienced by a portion of the understudies with those in destitution line families as well as same goes to center and higher class families. Guardians decided to live independently notwithstanding how their youngsters feel and its effect on their lives, be that as it may, there are still guardians despite the circumstance despite everything supports and care of their kids in their investigations, and others. The scholastic execution of youngsters from broken home is regularly antagonistically influenced, just as the pressure of deficient money related assets. Kids from broken home family are distraught. Some of them don't go to class; the individuals who do may go to low quality schools, with low scholarly execution. Some of them may drop out of school rashly. The mindful intensity of single parent may decide the length of tutoring of kid in the messed up home family. The young ladies are bound to become high schooler moms while still in school. In most broken homes, the kids are commonly impeded on the grounds that they are by and large viewed as being denied scholastically, monetarily, socially and socially. Their condition isn't helpful for learning and in which instruction isn't sufficient. The vast majority of the influenced people are people from low salary zones in which incompetent work, poor day to day environments wins. All these have negative effect in the scholastic execution of the students. Understudies in brokenâ home families consistently have shortage. Because of misfortune one parent, these kids endure mental issues. Foundation of the examination The family is the child’s ahead of all comers of contact with the world. The youngster thus, gets introductory training and socialization from guardians and other huge people in the family. Agulana (1999) brought up that the family lays the mental, good, and otherworldly establishment in the general improvement of the kid. Fundamentally, family/homes is either broken or unblemished. A messed up home in this specific circumstance, is one that isn't fundamentally unblemished, because of separation, detachment, passing of one parent and wrongness. As per Frazer (2001), mental home conditions emerge mostly from wrongness of youngsters, the name of embraced kid, broken home, separate and parental hardship. Such irregular states of the house, are probably going to detrimentally affect school execution of the youngster he affirms. Life, in a solitary parent family or broken home can be distressing for both the kid and the parent. Such families are confronted with difficulties of lacking budgetary assets (youngsters barrier support, 1994). Schultz (2006) noticed that if youths from temperamental homes are to be contrasted and those from stable homes, it would be seen that the previous have progressively social, scholastic and enthusiastic issues. Scales and Roehlkepartain (2003), are of the assessment that the family and its structure assume an extraordinary job in children’s scholastic execution. Levin (2001), likewise expresses that guardians are most likely the on-screen characters with the most clear undimentional enthusiasm for an elevated level of their children’s scholarly execution. Somewhat, there is straightforward proof to show that conjugal flimsiness achieves pressure, strain, absence of inspiration and dissatisfaction. Clearly, these signs demonstration contrarily on a child’s scholastic execution. Johnson (2005) declares that offspring of unmarried guardians/isolated families frequently come up short and are in danger inwardly. Be that as it may, this may not be totally appropriate in all occasions of broken homes. A few youngsters independent of home foundation or structure may try sincerely and get effective throughout everyday life. Additionally, Ayodele (2006) expressed that theâ environment where a youngster gets himself/herself goes far in deciding his learning capacity and at last his scholarly exhibition. It is qualified to take note of that larger part of secondary school understudies in the nation who got poor or bombing grades in their scholastic subjects originated from broken homes. Some of them as we saw were having poor scholastic execution as well as rather they let themselves be held at their year level in the wake of dropping-out their individual subjects. It is convenient to recognize or to decide whether understudies in secondary school who originated from broken homes are incredibly influenced in their scholarly classes. Troublesome beginning: Children raised by a solitary parent are bound to endure trouble. The exploration adds to an abundance of information that shows youngsters experience the ill effects of separation or parental separation, and that those raised by a solitary parent are bound to do severely at school, endure unexpected weakness, and fall into wrongdoing, habit and neediness as grown-ups. The report, supported by the Department of Health and distributed by the Office for National Statistics, researched passionate scatters †positioned as those which cause extensive pain and impedance with the manner by which kids perform at school and during play. It likewise saw lead issue which bring about forceful, savage or hostile to social conduct. The scientists concentrated about 8,000 youngsters matured somewhere in the range of five and 16 out of 2004 and discovered right around one of every ten had disarranges. The kids were checked again a year ago. The report said that a kid whose guardians had part during this time was more than four and a half times bound to have built up an enthusiastic issue than one whose guardians remained together. They were almost multiple times bound to show a direct issue. Eleven percent of those kids whose families separated had enthusiastic disarranges, against 3 percent among those whose families were still attached. Almost 33% of youngsters found to have mental disarranges in 2004 despite everything experienced them three years after the fact. The Department of Health stated: ‘The Government is focused on helping kids and youngsters encountering emotional wellness problems.’ ‘Broken families and sequential dads produce homes brimming with strife and turmoil and they are horrendous for children.’ Llano High School as one of the state funded schools in Caloocan City is where numerous understudies are results of broken homes. Concerning what degree the impact of their family condition to their scholastic execution and what change systems they utilize is the reason of this investigation. Along these lines the analyst points that the aftereffect of this investigation may become reason for creating a direction program to advance better alteration systems for understudies from broken homes. Proclamation of the Problem This examination expects to decide the connection between's the scholarly presentation and modification techniques of understudies from broken homes in Llano High School, Division of City Schools, Caloocan City. In particular, it looks to respond to the accompanying inquiries: 1.What is the segment profile of the respondents regarding: 1.1gender, 1.2age 1.3size of the family 1.4guardian whom he/she remains with, and 1.5cause/s of parents’ partition? 2.To what degree do the understudy respondents experience challenges in the accompanying regions: 2.1academic execution, 2.2interpersonal relationship, 2.3socio-monetary status, and 2.4personality turn of events? 3.What alteration procedures do the respondents utilize in tending to the challenges they experience in the previously mentioned zones? 4.What is the degree of scholarly execution of the understudy respondents dependent on their past G.W.A.? 5.Is there a huge connection between the degree of scholarly execution and the distinguished change systems of the respondents? 6.What direction program might be proposed to advance better modification stra

Reflective Journal Designing Formats and Including Visuals Essay

Intelligent Journal Designing Formats and Including Visuals - Essay Example The updating of visual arrangements keeps the watchers occupied with it constantly. Facebook has aced the utilization of the three methods for request and influence, specifically, ethos, feeling and logos. Ethos which is to cause the client to feel affable is done using the like catch under every single post and status. Feeling is to convince by engaging the feelings of the peruser, which are again utilized by Facebook as individuals have their own ethnic, strict and passionate pages which they like dependent on their own advantages; this draws in them on their enthusiastic level also. Logos is said to convince the legitimate side of individuals, which is again an attribute of Facebook as individuals offer coherent expressions which are then preferred by individuals and shared (Fife, 2010). Visuals are critical to use in school papers as they can convey the specific mood of the understudies to the educators. Utilizing visuals expertly can help in giving out force direct introductions and reports all together toward clarify with exactness (Keenan and Shiri,

Guilt and Innocence in The Last Night of the World

In Ray Bradburys The Last Night of the World, a husband and wife realize that they and all the adults they know have been having identical dreams: that tonight will be the last night of the world. They find themselves surprisingly calm as they discuss why the world is ending, how they feel about it, and what they should do with their remaining time. The story was originally published in Esquire magazine in 1951 and is available for free on Esquires website. Acceptance The story takes place in the early years of the Cold War and in the first months of the Korean War, in a climate of fear over ominous new threats like the hydrogen or atom bomb and germ warfare. So our characters are surprised to find that their end wont be as dramatic or violent as they have always expected. Rather, it will be more like the closing of a book, and things [will] stop here on Earth. Once the characters stop thinking about how the Earth will end, a sense of calm acceptance overtakes them. Though the husband concedes that the end sometimes frightens him, he also notes that sometimes he is more peaceful than frightened. His wife, too, notes that [y]ou dont get too excited when things are logical. Other people seem to be reacting the same way. For instance, the husband reports that when he informed his co-worker, Stan, that they had had the same dream, Stan didnt seem surprised. He relaxed, in fact. The calmness seems to come, in part, from a conviction that the outcome is inevitable. There is no use struggling against something that cant be changed. But it also comes from an awareness that no one will be exempted. Theyve all had the dream, they all know its true, and theyre all in this together. Like Always The story touches briefly on some of humanitys bellicose propensities, like the bombs and germ warfare mentioned above and the bombers on their course both ways across the ocean tonight thatll never see land again. The characters consider these weapons in an effort to answer the question, Do we deserve this? The husband reasons, We havent been too bad, have we? But the wife responds: No, nor enormously good. I suppose thats the trouble. We havent been very much of anything except us, while a big part of the world was busy being lots of quite awful things. Her comments seem particularly trenchant given that the story was written less than six years after the end of World War II. At a time when people were still reeling from the war and wondering if there was more they could have done, her words could be construed, in part, as a comment on concentration camps and other atrocities of the war. But the story makes clear that the end of the world isnt about guilt or innocence, deserving or not deserving. As the husband explains, things just didnt work out. Even when the wife says, Nothing else but this could have happened from the way weve lived, theres no feeling of regret or guilt. Theres no sense that people could have behaved any way other than the way they have. And in fact, the wifes turning off the faucet at the end of the story shows exactly how hard it is to change behavior. If youre someone looking for absolution -- which it seems reasonable to imagine our characters are -- the idea that things just didnt work out might be comforting. But if youre someone who believes in free will and personal responsibility, you might be troubled by the message here. The husband and wife take comfort in the fact that they and everyone else will spend their last evening more or less like any other evening. In other words, like always. The wife even says thats something to be proud of, and the husband concludes that behaving like always shows [w]ere not all bad. The things the husband will miss are his family and everyday pleasures like a glass of cool water. That is, his immediate world is whats important to him, and in his immediate world, he hasnt been too bad. To behave like always is to continue to take pleasure in that immediate world, and like everyone else, thats how they choose to spend their final night. There is some beauty in that, but ironically, behaving like always is also exactly what has kept humanity from being enormously good.

Real Word Negotiations - 1661 Words

Background With my wife, we decided in October to buy a (used) 2nd car for the family. She actually already owns a small 7 years old city-car, with an overall quite good condition both in terms of mechanic and automotive, but since she takes our children to school every day through some country roads, we just wanted to be reasonably confident that nothing could happen about the car engine. 1. Preparation of the negotiation We (my wife and I) started to prepare the negotiation from one main assumption: knowledge is truly power. Since normally in the car buying system the car salesman has the most information, we decided first of all to gather all the information we could in terms of price, facilities, characteristics etc. about†¦show more content†¦Eventually, we got to a final agreement, that was a price of 7,500 euros, or about -12% less the first offered price. I decided not to trade in my used car because it would have cost to me about 300 euros more than what agreed above (and, moreover, I already had a private potential acquirer for that). In addition, it cost to me less to fund the car by myself instead of getting to any dealer financing (moreover, this refusal didn’t get to any increase of the final agreed price). We shook our hands, with a final agreement that the contract would have been signed by my wife during the incoming week, because she would have appeared as the car’s owner. Unfortunately, when my wife went to sign the contract, the salesman stated that the car had been already sold to another customer, because his colleague had already promised it to him (and he was totally unaware of that). He tried to apologize with us offering another (quite identical) city car with an additional discount of 500 euros, but my wife and I decided to decline his offer because his totally unacceptable behavior. In fact, we strongly believe that he decided to sell the car to another person simply because the latter offered something more than what was agreed just few hours before. 3. Outcome of the negotiation Also if we didn’tShow MoreRelatedMy First Negotiation : The Cornerstone Of Successful Negotiation1604 Words   |  7 Pagesand I will help you once I will be done. What we did â€Å"negotiation† this is what we do on daily basis, numerous time we are negotiating and we don’t know. â€Å"Negotiation is a process by which we attempt to influence others to help us achieve our needs while at the same time taking their needs into account†. (Lewicki, Saunders, Minton). How we negotiate is really what we are, how much we are prepared and how well we use the knowledge on negotiations as required by the situations. The study/research, literatureRead MoreThe Self Appraisal Learning Summary1613 Words   |  7 PagesSelf-Appraisal Learning Summary BUSI 2465 has been an interesting course. 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Pol 300 Assignment 1 the Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy

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Australian Constitution Governance and Citizenship in Australia

Question: How is this possible given that the Australian Constitution has changed little over the past century? Answer: Introduction The country of Australia is fourth among the countries which have very old federation. Australia comes after United States whose federal structure is since 1789, Switzerland whose structure is existing since 1848 and Canada whose structure is existing since 1867. The federal structures of these constitutions have not changed since its composition. It has been over a century that the Australian Constitution has been established and under formal terms not many modifications have been made by the governments (Fenna, 2012). However, the Australian federal systems did undergo a number of changes in the prevailing years. The most significant change that can be observed is the degree in which the Commonwealth Government has gradually taken a very dominant position in the Constitutional structure. Federalism in Australia in 1901 After the Henry Parkes' Tenterfield Oration in the year 1889, the colonies in Australia carried out a number of constitutional conventions throughout the time period of 1890s. These constitutionals conventions were put together in a draft Constitution that was given for majority votes in each of the colonies and finally the electors approved of a final round of changes to meet the high threshold of support as required in the state of New South Wales (Appleby, Aroney and John, 2012). In the year 1900 the Imperial Parliament in Britain passed the law as the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900. The federation was observed to proceed in a very aimless manner that reflected the lack of any compelling urgency. The colonies attempted to remove the tariff barriers in inter-colonial trade and commerce. These had strategic presence and access to investment capital at lower rates (Selway and Williams, 2005). Structure of the Australian Constitution With regard to the federal structure of the Australian Constitution it can be observed that the model structure is very similar to the American Constitution (Selway and Williams, 2005). For instance the enumeration of the powers of the Parliament under section 51, the states being a broad residual power given under section 108, the supremacy clause given under section 109, the presence of a strong bicameral structure with the senate where the states represented disregard of any disparities in the population of the state as given under section 7, the division of senators into various cohorts for electoral cycles as given under section 13, the establishment of Supreme Court, the High Court with the power to declare any action of the governments unconstitutional as has been given under the section 71 and the two step amending procedure given under section 128 (Galligan and Wright, 2002). Reforms in the federal structure in the contemporary times The federal system of government in Australia has been undergoing a lot of crucial changes. With the recent changes relating to globalization and new methods of governance the questions relating to the existing three tier system of federal structure and how it can adapt the requirements of the integrated economy and also at the main time serve the needs of the variety of communities which is spread over the entire continent. In the 1940s, the federal governments used the power of the constitution regarding taxation to take de facto control over many of the policies through financial inducement and pressure. In 1999 the Goods Services Tax (GST) was established that was collected by the federal government. This was considered to be stealth missile with respect to the state governments. Again during the 1920s-1930s and again in the 1990s, the collaborate standardization of the laws were done by the federal and the state governments (Miragliotta, 2012). However, the process was ad-hoc and the mechanisms of Australia remained comparatively very weak and informal throughout. COAG and its reform agendas The Council of the Australian Governments (COAG) is the head of the intergovernmental forum in the country. The COAG comprises of the Prime Minister, State and Territory Premiers and Chief Ministers and the President of the Australian Local Government Association (ALGA) where the chairperson is the Prime Minister. The primary role of the Council of the Australian Governments (COAG) is the promotion of those policy reforms that are of national importance or those reforms that need a co-ordinated action by all the governments of Australia. The meetings of the COAG are according to the requirements generally once or twice a year. However at times they may also meet for four times in a year (Selway and Williams, 2005). One of the primary achievements of the Council of the Australian Governments (COAG) was the reform agenda that was developed by the Intergovernmental Agreement on Federal Financial Relations (IGAFFR). This reform agenda started from January 2009. This Intergovernmental Agreement on Federal Financial Relations mainly aimed in enhancing the collaborating federalism. This federalism reduced the earlier intricacies relating to the financial relations of the Commonwealth with that if the states and territories. It also aimed at the promotion of more flexibility in the service delivery and also enhances the accountability to achieve the outcomes. In order to figure out the reform objectives in the year 2011 the Council of the Australian Governments introduced five themes of strategic significance. These themes are related to the intersection of the jurisdictional responsibilities (Miragliotta, 2012). These responsibilities include the long term strategies relating to economic and social participation, secondly the national economy relating to the competitive advantages, thirdly, reforms for a more lively and sustainable environment in Australia, fourthly advanced and suitable health services for all the citizens of Australia and finally bridging the gap between the indigenous tribes of Australia (Appleby, Aroney and John, 2012). Impact of the High Court on the Federalism Since the federal structure of the country has been created in the 1901 number of rulings of the High Court have gradually strengthened the law making power of the federal government. According to section 71 of the Constitution of Australia, the High Court has the power to resolve the resolve any disagreements rising between the federal and state governments regarding any law making powers (Fenna, 2012). In case of any challenge regarding any law, the dispute is taken to the High Court for determining whether the Constitution has relevant power to make such laws. If the High Court considers the law to be unconstitutional then that particular law will be considered invalid. Generally the state relies on the federal government to fund a number of activities such as the schools and hospitals but now the federal and state balance has also shifted. A very essential part of the total revenue is made up of the federal funds. According to section 96 of the Australian Constitution the federal government has the power to grant financial support to the states in accordance to appropriate conditions that the federal structure deems fit. They generally give tied grants to the state governments which direct the state to how the money should be spent (Fenna, 2012). The federal government further influences the different manners in which the areas relating to education, housing, health, and urban development are to be dealt with. In order to illustrate the role of the High Court is modifying the Australian federalism in the last few decades it is essential that some of the important cases are discussed. To begin with the Tasmanian Dam case of 1983 (Tasmania v Commonwealth, [1983]) is primarily considered (Miragliotta, 2012). In his particular case an attempt was made by the then ruling power the Hawke Labor government to restrict the State Liberal government from the construction of a dam on the Gordon river that is situated in the southwestern side of Tasmania to generate hydro-electric power (Tasmania v Commonwealth, [1983]). The legislation on this was highly criticized and challenged by the state government of Tasmania as well as the governments of Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland. The challenge was made on the ground that according to the Constitution federal government does not have the power to intervene in such matters (Galligan and Wright, 2002). However, when the case came up to the High Court the Court held that the legislation was valid in accordance to the external affairs and the corporation powers of the Commonwealth. This decision of the High Court was considered by most commentators to be a setback for the federalism in Australia. It was also a failure of the High Court as it fai led to maintain appropriate balance between the state and federal structure of the country. Another case may be mentioned in this regard where the High Court gave a reverse decision in a conflict between the federal and state government. In the recent case relating to Work Choices the facts were that the Workplace Relations Amendment (Work Choices) Act 2005 was substituted with the contemporary system of compulsory industrial arbitration that contains a national scheme based on the individual workplace agreements (Fenna, 2012). This entire system was basically according to the economical and liberal outlook of the Coalition Federal government (Work Choices, [2006]). This legislation was later challenged by quite a few state labor governments and according to them it was not within the powers of the Commonwealth and also because the law attempted to implement an individual work place agreement that was unacceptable by most state governments. When the case was brought forward to the High Court the Court upheld the previous decision of 2006 and again the court was criticized f or putting an end to federalism in the country. As a result of the decision of the Work Choice case, now the Commonwealth has far more capacity to regulate the different areas of individual activity than that was even expected by those people who had framed and ratified the Constitution (Work Choices, [2006]). These powers are considered by most to be far beyond the powers and scope that was initially given by the Constitution. However, it should be noted that the importance of the Work Choices case is not in the result of the case but in the fact that the High Court got an opportunity to reconsider the whole approach relating to the legislative powers of the Commonwealth as has been given under the Constitution of Australia (Work Choices, [2006]). After the decision in the Engineers case (Engineers, [1920]), it was first that these issues were raised and the High Court was given a chance to consider whether the previously preserved old doctrines can survive in the court jurisprudence. Further in another case known commonly as the State Banking Case (State Banking Case, [1947]), the High Court held that the reserved power doctrines that is related to those fields of power that is reserved for the states only and the limitation and scope of this power helps to understand the power that is conferred upon the Commonwealth. However, even then it is seen that the reserve power doctrine is not logical in the full sense. Conclusion The Australian Constitution that was envisaged in the year 1901 is hence quite different from the exact manner in which it was prepared. The above high court decisions along with a few others imply that these changes were brought about due to the gradual changes in the outlook and thinking of the people. Therefore even though the Australian Constitution was changed over the last few years due to the fact that a number of reforms took place in contemporary times, the structure of federalism also went through a lot of modifications. As a result the federalism that was envisaged in the year 1901 is quite different from what it is in present times. However it should also be noted that the existence of uncertainties and discrepancies in the federal systems is quite normal and most of the developed countries such as that of Canada and the United States of America have also witnessed such changes. Australia is no different in this sphere and such changes in federal structure are made keeping in mind the changing societal norms. References Appleby, G., Aroney, N. and John, T. (2012).The future of Australian federalism. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Engineers[1920]CLR 28, p.129. Fenna, A. (2012). Centralising Dynamics in Australian Federalism.Australian Journal of Politics History, 58(4), pp.580-590. Galligan, B. and Wright, J. (2002). Australian Federalism: A Prospective Assessment.Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 32(2), pp.147-166. Miragliotta, N. (2012). Federalism, Party Organization and the Australian Greens.Australian Journal of Politics History, 58(1), pp.97-111. Selway, B. and Williams, J. (2005). The High Court and Australian Federalism.Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 35(3), pp.467-488. State Banking Case[1947]CLR 74, p.31. Tasmania v Commonwealth[1983]CLR 158, p.1. Work Choices[2006]CLR 229, p.1.

Wuthering Heights Questions for Study and Discussion

'Wuthering Heights' Questions for Study and Discussion Wuthering Heights is one of the greatest works by Emily Bronte. Here are a few questions for study and discussion. Questions for Study and Discussion What is important about the title? AnswerWhat are the conflicts in Wuthering Heights? AnswerHow does Emily Bronte reveal character in Wuthering Heights?What are some themes in the story? How do they relate to the plot and characters?What are some symbols in​ Wuthering Heights? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Are the characters consistent in their actions? Which of the characters are fully developed? How? Why?Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters persons you would want to meet?Does the story end the way you expected? How? Why?What is the central/primary purpose of the story? Is the purpose important or meaningful?How does the novel relate to feminist literature?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else?What is the role of women in Wuthering Heights? How are mothers represented? What about single/independent women?What elements of the story, plot, characterization, etc. are the most controversial? Why do you think the book was banned? Do you believe the book should remain banned? This novel has been compared to the Twilight series. Do you agree? Why? Why not?Compare A Rose for Emily, by William Faulkner, with this novel. How do the characters cope with rejection?Would you recommend this novel to a friend?

Stephen Foster essays

Stephen Foster essays Stephen Foster was one of the most influential composers of the pre-Civil war era. He composed some of the most famous American songs ever. Among these are Oh! Susanna, De Camp Town Races, and I Dream of Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair. Unfortunately, he sold the rights to some of his best songs. Stephen Collins Foster, the ninth of William B. and Eliza T. Foster's ten children (plus a son fathered by William before the marriage and later raised as their oldest child), was born July 4, 1826, in a small cottage on the hillside above the Allegheny River in Lawrenceville, east of Pittsburgh. The tenth child died as an infant, leaving Stephen as the "baby" of the family to be indulged by older brothers and sisters. Fosters music was a unique blend of minstrel and plantation melodies. The form in most of Fosters songs is Strophic. This is the most common form of music. Strophic form occurs when two or more verses of text are set to the same melody. This is evident in his songs Oh! Susanna and I Dream of Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair. This is the standard form for most songs. The repetition of the melody is necessary to keep the rhyme scheme alive. Most of Fosters songs also include the accompaniment of anther instrument. Usually a simple piano or guitar was used to compliment the tone. The meter in Fosters songs is commonly Duple, as in Oh! Susana. In this song, the meter is set so that lines 1 and 3 are the same. Also, lines 2 and 4 and the second line of the chorus are practically the same. Foster also sometimes uses the Quadruple meter form. The Quadruple form has four beats per measure. The music of Stephen Foster has a lot of historical significance. His songs were written in the mid 1800s, prior to the civil war. Fosters songs set the style for the patriotic songs of the civil war. It has even been said th...

The Hitler Youth in WWI and WWII Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Hitler Youth in WWI and WWII - Essay Example The designer of the organization was Kurt Gruber, a law undergraduate and follower of Hitler from Palauan, Saxony. He merged collectively quite a few of the underground youth units to shape a developing national organization. It was named as the Greater German Youth Movement or the GDJB. After a short influence fight with the competitor group, the Gruber succeeded and his Greater German Youth Movement developed into the Nazi Party's authorized youth organization. In 1926, the organization was renamed as Hitler Jugend, Bund deutscher Arbeiterjugend which meant Hitler Youth, League of German Worker Youth, and for the first time in the history, the organization formally turned into an important branch of the Sturmabteilung. In 1930's, the Hitler Jugend had enrolled more than 25,000 boys, who were the age of fourteen and onwards. It also arranged a secondary subdivision for small children which were named as the Deutsches Jungvolk, for the boys of age 10 to 14. However, girls from 10 to 18 were also specified with their own similar organization, the Bund Deutscher Mdel (BDM), the League of German Girls. In 1932, the Hitler Youth was prohibited by the Chancellor Heinrich Bruning in an endeavor to end the extensive political hostility. Although by June 1932, the ban was removed by his heir, Franz von Papen as the means of reassuring Hitler whose political leading light was rising swiftly. An additional noteworthy growth force began in 1933, when Baldur von Schirach converted into the initial Reich Youth Leader, dispensing a lot of time and greater amount of wealth into the development of the organization. (Michael H. Kater, 2004). The Hitler Jugend's were sighted as the upcoming "Aryan supermen" who were trained in anti-Semitism. Their major aim was to inspire the enthusiasm that would allow the Hitler Jugend associates as the armed forces, to battle devotedly for the Third Reich. The Hitler Jugend or HJ set additional importance on physical and military preparation than on scholastic education. After the boys scout progress was prohibited by the German restricted states, the HJ corrected a lot of its activities, though altered in content and purpose. Such as, several HJ activities personally looked like military training, with artillery training, battering classes and fundamental policy. Some brutality by the grown-up boys to the younger ones was endured and they were even encouraged, as it was considered that this would prepare the weak and make others strong. However, the Hitler Jugend was prearranged into groups under mature leaders. From the start of 1936, membership of the Hitler Jugend became obligatory for all youthful German men. The Hitler Jugend was also observed as a significant stone moving forward to future membership of the privileged Schutzstaffel. Members of the HJ were mostly proud to be granted with the solitary Sig Rune which means the victory symbol. The Schutzstaffel or SS used two Sig Runes as their mark and this sign provided to characteristically connect the two units. The HJ, moreover, maintained numerous groups intended to expand upcoming officers for the Wehrmacht. The unit presented professional pre-training for every one of the particular armaments for which the HJ member was eventually designed. The Marine Hitler Youth, for instance, was the biggest group

Human Performance in Running a Multi-Division Form Company Essay

Human Performance in Running a Multi-Division Form Company - Essay Example These semi-autonomous units are guided and controlled by various financial and performance targets that together form core objective of the organization. These units therefore, operate as their own separate entities. Each unit plays a vital role in the organization in areas of conflict management, customer service, employee retention, overall productivity and profitability (Rohlander & Snell, 2009). Multi-divisional form of business is usually adopted by organizations to facilitate prudent changes without encountering an extensive chain of approval. Human performance is therefore a vital factor in ensuring efficiency and effectiveness with regards to productivity of the organization. It is for this reason that firms, both public and private must seek to quantify the value of their human performance. In the process of measuring this performance, several challenges are likely to arise, some intended while others unplanned. Measures must therefore be put in place to minimize the consequ ences of measuring human performance that were not planned. Since there are multiple divisions in these organizations it is of great significance to know both the performance and contribution of each division to the overall performance of the enterprise. Human performance Human performance is at the core of an organization’s well being; it incorporates total quality management, improvement of processes, appropriate employee behavior and sound instructional systems all under the banner of human resource management. In as much as employees are not listed in the balance sheet, they are such an essential asset to an enterprise and their contribution is a vital factor that should not only be quantified but also harnessed for the achievement of the set objectives. Multi-divisional private companies are not listed in the stock markets and therefore the effects of their human performance do not translate into a drop or rise in the prices of their stocks. This is however not the case for public traded companies that have their shares not only affected by financial but also human performance (Rohlander & Snell, 2009). Effectively, when there is news or even a feeling of inefficiency in a public company the ripple effects will be immediately felt at the stock market. This has the dire consequence of insolvency if drastic measures are not taken to make the necessary corrections. Measuring human performance begins with putting in place targets that must be achieved within specific timelines. Each unit (division) is given its overall targets that are then broken down to individual targets. With the kind of autonomy enjoyed by divisions in most M-form businesses, it is very easy for the individual units to then come with performance strategies and the best ways of evaluating the set targets. Multi divisional forms of business therefore help in meeting the needs of employees by enabling managers to delegate various responsibilities leaving them with ample time to monit or and make sure that everything is done for the achievement of an organization’s objectives (Wang &King 2009). This model makes communication between units more effective, problem solving manageable and team work is encouraged. The ways and means of achieving the set

Asher Farms Essay Example for Free

Asher Farms Essay Political – In class the major political topic that we focused on was possible affects on the industry if immigration laws became stricter. This industry is highly dependent on cheap labor. If all of a sudden there were not enough workers in the industry there would not be enough chicken available to meet the demand. Economic – Evident from the case, the chicken market is heavily influenced by currency fluctuation. This is because 15% of the total poultry production is exported and therefore changes in the price of the dollar can make chicken much more expensive in other countries or it can have a reverse effect. Social – Over the past couple of decades there has clearly been a shift in the amount of different types of meat products that are consumed. Those who watch their what they eat are more likely to eat chicken for the high protein benefits and minimizing some of the harmful affects of red meat. Technological – There had been a strong push for more efficient technology to be produced in this industry. The technology developments range from the machinery that does some of the work to new genetic engineering of the food that the chickens eat. These advancements allowed for the growth of the chicken industry without and slowdowns. Legal – Animal rights advocates have had major impacts on the ways that chickens can be processed. The conditions that the chickens live in could cause some legal problems in the future in different animal rights groups wanted to make changes. Environmental – Spread of disease always seems to be a major concern in the food industry. Contamination is very possible and could potentially cause huge problems. The FDA would like to minimize the possible affects of any type disease from spreading such as salmonella or other bacteria’s that are harmful. I feel that all of the business risks identified in question 1, the PESTLE acronym, all have the same potential to impact the risk of material misstatements on the financial statements. These business risks would all put revenue, cost of goods sold, wage expenses, and certain discloses at risk for being misstated. This would require more substantive tests to provide more reliable evidence that the financial statements are correctly stated. Obtaining knowledge about the client’s industry helps to highlight practices unique to that industry that may have an effect on the client’s financial statements. The auditor should obtain knowledge relating to the client’s business before commencing the audit. Understanding the client’s business provides information regarding events and transactions that may affect the client’s financial statements. Just like an auditor is not responsible to provide absolute assurance that the financial statements are correct, an auditory does not have the responsibility to identify or assess all business risks because it would be not efficient, timely, or costly to do so. As discussed in question 1, some examples of business risks that should be considered include; immigration concerns, currency fluctuation, health changes, technological development, and the spread of disease. An example of a business risk that might not lead to a risk of material misstatement in the financial statements that we discussed in class was opening new locations and growing the business.

Bipolar Disorder Essays -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness affects about 1.2 percent of the U.S. population (8). It is defined by fluctuating states of depression and mania throughout ones life. Those who are depressed may be restless, irritable, have slowed thinking or speech, decreased sexual activity, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, suicidal thoughts as well as other changes. Those in a manic state may have increased activity or energy, more thoughts and faster thinking, grandiose thoughts, decreased sleep and need for sleep, increased sexual activity, elated mood, irritable mood, as well as other symptoms. Mixed state is when both depression and mania are exhibited at the same time in a cycle. Rapid cycling is when episodes occur more than four times a year. This is more prevalent in women and is also more resistant to treatment. There are two forms of bipolar I disorder, bipolar disorder and bipolar II disorder. The difference between the two is that bipolar I disorder is what is typically thought of as bipolar disorder with episodes of severe mania and depression, bipolar II is when the episodes are depression and hypomania, which is milder than a full manic episode. The exact cause of the disease is unclear. The most probable case is that there are many factors that contribute to the disease. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder is not exact. Since there is no physiological test for the disease an assessment must be made physiologically. This is done through the administration of behavioral assessment tests, use of scales, basis of symptoms, course of illness and family history. The diagnosis can be tricky especially when it comes to bipolar II disorder. Many with the disease are misdiagnosed w... ...mhsource.com/pt/p960533.jhtml?_requestid=387992 5) Evening Out the Ups and Downs of Manic-Depressive Illness http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/596_bipo.html 6) Bipolar Disorder http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=54&ContentID=23037 7) Bipolar Disorder Research at the National Institute of Mental Health http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/bipolarresfact.cfm 8) Going to Extremes http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/manic.cfm 9) Bipolar Disorder http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/bipolarmenu.cfm 10) The Neurobiology of Depression http://www.sciam.com/missing.cfm 11) Scientists on trail of manic-depression gene http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/mentalh/depress/lhmde002.htm Other Sources 12) "Portrait of the Artist as a Manic-Depressive". Psychology Today. July/August, 1995

Karl Marx Essay

Karl Marx is one of the most reputed philosophers of the 19th Century. Born in 1818 in a middle class family, Marx studied law in Bonn and Berlin and later plunged deeper into the ideas of Hegel and Feurbach (Wheen, 2007). It is after receiving his doctorate in philosophy in 1841 from the University of Jena that he moved with his family to Paris where he became a radical revolutionary communist and teamed up with Friedrich Engels, another radical philosopher of his time. They collectively authored the pamphlet â€Å"The Communist Manifesto† which was later published in 1848. In this pamphlet, Marx passionately asserted that all human history was dominated by class struggles. Furthermore, he predicted that they would culminate into the fall of capitalism and rise of communism (Wheen, 2007). Karl Marx later moved to London in 1849 where he broke his political and religious isolation to author Das Kapital, sometimes referred to as the â€Å"Bible of the working class† (Wheen, 2007). In this book, Marx developed very philosophical ideas related to the crises of the working class and the implicit struggles between laborers and owners of industries. The works and ideas of Karl Marx in his book Das Kapital were later edited by Engels after his death in 1833 in London (Wheen, 2007). The ideas of Karl Marx established a school of thought known as Marxism, or what later came to be popularly known as the Marxist doctrine. His writings consummated the main ideological currents of 19th century. These included the classical English political economy, French socialism and the French revolutionary doctrines of the time. Marx, throughout his writing, had envisaged a social revolution that would see the fall of capitalism and the rise of socialism as a dominant ideology. These predictions later became evident after the death of Karl Marx in what was considered to be a process of socialization of labor. Wheen (2007) contends that this transformation would be possible to accomplish by the proletariat in sustained struggles with the bourgeoisie. This led to the development of ideas evident in Marxism and the conflict theory that form the bedrock of Marx’s works. Karl Marx’s Conflict Theory. Conflict theory is a Marxist perspective and  conceptualization of the way in which society is structured. This perspective depicts society as characteristically dominated by conflicts (Collins & Sanderson, 2008). Conflict is the determinant of how resources are allocated and who benefits the most from such allocations. Power is also acquired through conflict, and once such power is acquired, it is used to dominate the less-powerful and to benefit a few people. Collins and Sanderson (2008) cited that the basic form of interaction in the human society is not consensus but competition, which culminates into persistent conflicts. Each party or individual competes against perceived rivals with the goal of gaining advantage and dominating the other. The theory presented by Karl Marx underscores the fact that conflict, and not consensus, dominates designed mechanisms through different classes in the stratified society, interacts and relates to each other (Collins & Sanderson, 2008). The rich and the powerful use conflict to threaten their poor subjects and to maintain the status-quo. The poor on the other hand, organize and use conflicts to push for a revolution that will overthrow the powerful that are enjoying the privileges of capitalist structures. These tensions are thus sustained by the need of each group to have its interests dominate the structures and operations of the society. Karl Marx contends that the society is stratified into two main social groups. These are the proletariat and the bourgeoisies. The conflict between these two large social groups results in what Marx considered as revolutionary change. The probable source of conflict between the proletariat and the bourgeoisies are the desire of the proletariat to have ownership of means of production, such as factories, power, land and other valuable resources (Collins & Sanderson, 2008). The bourgeoisies, on the other hand, are not willing to relinquish these resources and give up their privileged positions of power and overwhelming riches and investments. Karl Marx on Class and Class Conflict. According to Karl Marx, society is stratified into classes. The classes comprise the bourgeoisies, land-owners and the proletariat. The propertied-upper-class is the minority, while the proletariats are the majority. Wood (2004) notes Marx’s dissection of the  dominant features of each of these classes in most of his works. For example, the bourgeoisies own the means of production. This is due to the huge investments they have made into factories and machines in the industries. The land owners have rent as their primary source of income. The proletariats are owners of cheap labor which they offer in exchange for wages that they use for their basic subsistence (Collins & Sanderson, 2008). Investment gives the bourgeoisies a lot of profit. Marx conceptualized the structure of the society in relation to the two major classes. He is focused on the inherent struggles between the proletariat and bourgeoisies which is the engine that pushes the occurrence of social change through revolutionary movements. In the understanding of Marxists, class is defined by the level of wealth and power that one possesses (Wood, 2004). This power is used to sideline other classes from property and positions of power. Bourgeoisies use their power to serve their personal interests and amass more wealth at the expense of the proletariat. These three different classes, in the understanding of Karl Marx, have different interests which pit them against each other (Wood, 2004). For example, the bourgeoisie are interested in safeguarding their investment in the industries, maximizing profits and minimizing costs. This makes them engage the proletariats as laborers in the farms to achieve this objec tive at relatively minimal wages. The proletariats on the other hand, organize and mobilize themselves to collectively push for better wages, conditions of work and strive to overcome the repressive and exploitative forces of their masters in the industries and factories. Thus, they struggle to join hands and, through revolutionary movements, overthrow the bourgeoisies and control the industries and factories (Wood, 2004). These conflicting interests are what pit the social classes against each other. Conflicts, and not consensus, therefore, characterize the society as noted by Marx who had envisaged such a society founded on constant conflicts. The struggle between the classes is likely to widen with time as the conditions of the laborers deteriorate further. This is likely leads to disintegration of the social structure. Collins and Sanderson (2008)  asserted that conflicts between proletariats and bourgeoisies would translate into an industrial revolution. This would mark the triumph of the proletariats over the bourgeoisies, leading to increased access to capital and means of production by proletariats. This, according to Marxists, would mark the end of capitalism and the onset of socialism characterized by public ownership of the means of production. The fall of capitalism and bourgeoisies will, therefore, create a classless society as political power withers away due to industrial revolution led by the proletariat (Wood, 2004). Thus, according to Marxists, class and class conflict are the forces behind societal transformation and not any other evolutionary processes. Radical revolutionary movements are likely to create a new social order in the society in which capitalism gives way to socialism as witnessed by the industrial revolutions that altered the social order in Russia in the 19th century. Karl Marx on Alienation. The philosophical ideas of Karl Marx on alienation were relevant in his radical reformation periods that saw the fall of capitalism (Otteson, 2011). Although these ideas were mainly considered to be philosophical in the 19th century, alienation, as was espoused by Marx, since then has become a real social phenomenon in the 21st century discourses that are propagated by contemporary social science scholars. The most outstanding aspect that Marx wrote about was economic alienation or alienated labor. According to the writings of Karl Marx, one of the front forces behind conflict between bourgeoisies and proletariat is the fact laborers felt separated from the products of their own labor (Me%u0301sza%u0301ros, 2006). Marx asserted that in a capitalist society, workers were forced to remain on the job and work extra hard in order to earn and sustain themselves (Me%u0301sza%u0301ros, 2006). He was against alienation which is caused by strong forces of capitalism and predicted the rise of communism in which laborers will no longer work to live but live to work. With the fall of capitalism and alienation, wage earning slaves will be free men who will work and enjoy the value of their labor. In a capitalist society dominated  by bourgeoisies, the production capacity of an employee is 100%. However, the employee does not benefit directly from these products. He only earns 10% of the proceeds of his work, which he only uses for daily subsistence. In communism, one would directly benefit from 90% of the proceeds of his labor and only lose 10% which will be spent in other production processes. Marx contended that in a capitalist society, workers are alienated even from the products that they produce (Me%u0301sza%u0301ros, 2006). A laborer working in an industry that manufactures oil becomes so much alienated from the product that he or she produces to an extent that even in his or her own household he cannot afford the oil, yet he needs it and contributes significantly to its production. The ideas of Karl Marx on alienation were very accurate considering that many labor union movements advocated for the welfare of workers in the modern society (Otteson, 2011). There are employees who work in a milk processing plant, when ironically back at home they do not take the milk, not because they do not need it but because they cannot afford the milk. Alienation as presented by Karl Marx in his conflict theory is an explanation of a situation in which man is separated from valued resources, opportunities, processes and decisions in which his input ought to be reflected (Me%u0301sza%u0301ros, 2006). The laborers at the time of Marx’s life did not have opportunity to say a word on the amount of wages they earned as compensation for their work. Yet, their role in the industrial production processes was very significant. The masters determined the wages, number of hours worked, when to grant leaves for recuperation and so on. In fact, Marx was very concerned with how the surplus value of products processed in the industries manned by workers benefited the workers themselves. Marx asserted that in a capitalist society, the surplus value only makes the rich richer as the workers become more impoverished. So worked up were the laborers that they were even alienated from their own families and private lives. They did not have time for recreation, family sessions or other community forums. Marx sadly puts it in his writings of Das Kapital that  leave or absence to workers in a capitalist system was hard to come by (Me%u0301sza%u0301ros, 2006). But when such leaves were finally granted, they were only meant to help the workers recuperate and get extra strength not to benefit themselves but their masters who would then register a rise in surplus value in the industrial production. Alienation, according to the writings of Karl Marx, can be seen to occur in four different ways. Me%u0301sza%u0301ros (2006) contends that workers are alienated against the products that they produce; they do not benefit from them much, the production process especially through specialized division of labor, from the community and from himself. In a capitalist industrialized society, specialized division of labor is used to promote alienation under the disguise of enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in production. Marx argues that an employee, concerned purely with the repair of broken down machines in industry producing oil, may not have enough experience with other production processes in the industry. The owners of the industry alienate them from this knowledge out of fear that such knowledge might empower workers to compete against the factory owners. Karl Marx on Consciousness. Consciousness as defined by philosophers refers to how people or a person defines and understands himself (Wood, 2004). The concept of consciousness as presented in the writings of Karl Marx was basically bent towards understanding and identification with one’s class. It is this consciousness that would push the workers (proletariats) to join other proletariats and put forward a united battle against one common social group, the bourgeoisies. Wood (2004) asserts that consciousness would enable workers gain awareness that they all had shared experiences with other laborers, the bitter experience of alienation, exploitation and oppression by capitalist bourgeoisies (Wood, 2004). This consciousness would push the workers to rise against the bourgeoisies and launch protest and revolutionary movements that would lead to the fall of capitalism and the onset of communist’s ideologies. Marx used the term â€Å"class consciousness† to illustrat e this level of awareness on the part of the workers. There are scholars of Marxism who have argued that the concept of consciousness was used by Karl Marx to depict class as a very subjective dimension in a  capitalist society. The concept of consciousnerss forms the skeleton of Marx conflict theory. The proletariat will only rise to confront the bourgeoisies after realization that all workers had common problems, all originating from the bourgeoisies. Such awareness by itself is inspiring enough to stir up revolution and protests against the bourgeoisies (Wood, 2004). Marx argued that it was false class consciousness that continued to sustain the forces and the influence of capitalist ideologies. The proletariat had misrepresented their identity, position in society and resigned to fate, preferring to remain in subordinate positions as the bourgeoisies took advantage of this and used their positions to exploit and dominate the economy (Wood, 2004). Members of subordinate classes, such as workers and peasants continued to suffer in the hands of the dominant bourgeoisies as a result of false-class-consciousness. The upper class, on the other hand, has their consciousness right as they believe they should remain dominant owners of the means of production. Conclusion Karl Marx’s works have influenced and continue to influence sociological academia and studies in the field of economics. Although some of his ideas, like conflict theory have been criticized by scholars since then in the contemporary sociological theory, conflict perspective remain to be a very popular sociological perspective, while Marx remains in academic records as one of the great scholars that contributed to the growth of sociology and its relevance in understanding human interactions and relationships in the society. Contemporary scholars, including critics of Marxism, continue to draw on his works to develop new concepts and ideas aimed at offering more accurate explanations of various phenomena in the society.

Internship Report on “Customer Satisfaction on the...

Part-1 Introduction 1.1 Background of the report: The internship is a dynamic approach for practical knowledge gathered at this study. My effort was for practical job experience through internship for business communication skills as well as banking sectors. As a student of BBA for the requirement of the internship program, I was assigned to The MBL for my practical orientation. This report is done as partial requirement of the 3 months internship program for the BBA students of Department of Marketing, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology. The internship work is done on a bank, namely Mercantile Bank Limited (MBL). The students were asked to prepare reports on their assigned jobs after the completion of the†¦show more content†¦1.5.5.2 Sampling Element: Individual clients of MBL . 1.5.5.3 Sampling Frame: No well structured sample frame was found. 1.5.5.4 Sampling Procedure: Non probability convenience sampling procedure is used. 1.5.5.5 Sample Size: I have taken 50 customers as my sample. 1.5.6 Data analysis and reporting: Quantitative and qualitative data collected and analyzed according to acceptable standards of practice. Different tables and graphs were used to make the data meaningful. 1.6 Limitations: * Lack of customer co-operation. * Lack of adequate knowledge about any other financial institutions. * It was very difficult to collect all data, which is very essential. * Due to time limitation many aspects could not be discussed in the present study because Banking is a vast subject. * Lack of experiences on Banking. * Every organization has their own secrecy that is not revealed to others. Despite the limitation, I have tried my best to prepare the report. If you find any mistake please consider it cordially. Part -2 Overview of the company 2.1 Company Background: Mercantile Bank Limited was incorporated in Bangladesh as a public limited company under the Bank Company Act, 1991, on May 20, 1999. After obtaining license from Bangladesh Bank to carry on banking business, the bank commenced its operation on June 2, 1999 with an authorizedShow MoreRelatedInvestment Management System of Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited W11687 Words   |  47 Pages 1.1. Introduction This study is about Investment Management System of Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited (AIBL), Investments are operating by this bank with Islami sharia formula as no interest payment system but give profit from client deposit amount. Investment practice consists of some stage like Selection of the client, Application stage, Processing and appraisal, Sanctioning stage, Documentation stage, Disbursement stage, Monitoring Recovery stage. It has been found that the investment processRead MoreInternship Report on One Bank13005 Words   |  53 Pages Origin of the Report This internship report is generated under the supervision of Ms. Nadia Farhana Asst. Professor and Head of Marketing Department of Business Administration in North South University . This internship report is required to fulfill award of BBA Degree. The topic of this report is â€Å"General Banking Activities of one Bank Limited and Its Impact on Economic Development of Bangladesh†.A Case Study on ONE Bank Limited. The main objective of doing this report is to have a practicalRead MoreInternship Report on Bank Asia Ltd12762 Words   |  52 PagesModern banks play an important part in promoting economic development of a country. Banks provide necessary funds for executing various programmes underway in the process of economic development. They collect savings of large masses of people scattered through out the country, which in the absence of banks would have remained ideal and unproductive. These scattered amounts are collected, pooled together and made available to commerce and industry for meeting the requirements. Economy of Bangladesh